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Name: 1.1.Lesson: What is 3D Modeling?

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Essential Question

3D modeling is a computer graphics process of creating a mathematical representation of a 3D object or shape using specialized software. The digital rendering of the physical object is called a 3D model and various industries use them.

Day's Agenda

• Take Attendance
• Today's Lesson
• Review Vocabulary 
• Work on Assignment

Lesson Details

• Autodesk Website:  What is 3D Modeling?

• How does 3D modeling work?

  3D modeling starts with an artist generating a 3D primitive using numerous polygons such as a cube, cylinder, plane, or sphere.

• What are the different types of 3D modeling?

  There are four basic types of 3D modeling: wireframe, surface, solid, and 3D sculpting (or polygonal) modeling. Wireframe modeling shows only the skeletal framework of an object or character using edges and vertices. By contrast, surface modeling uses a polygonal mesh to show a 3D model’s surface texture, shading, and color. Solid modeling goes beyond the surface and ultimately represents both the exterior and interior of the 3D-modeled object. Finally, 3D sculpting, or polygonal modeling, finishes the polygonal mesh of a 3D model with complex details and textures.

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• Ray tracing
  • is a technique used in 3D computer graphics to create realistic images by simulating how light interacts with objects in a scene:
  • 
  • How it works: Ray tracing traces the path of light from the camera through the scene, back to the light sources. The color of each pixel is determined by how the light interacts with objects and lights in the scene.

• Path tracing

  • Path tracing is a computer graphics Monte Carlo method of rendering images of three-dimensional scenes such that the global illumination is faithful to reality.
  • When combined with physically accurate models of surfaces, accurate models of real light sources, and optically correct cameras, path tracing can produce still images that are indistinguishable from photographs.
  • Path tracing has played an important role in the film industry. Earlier films had relied on scanline rendering to produce CG visual effects and animation.
    • In 1998, Blue Sky Studios rendered the Academy Award-winning short film Bunny with their proprietary CGI Studio path tracing renderer, featuring soft shadows and indirect illumination effects.
    • Sony Pictures Imageworks' Monster House was, in 2006, the first animated feature film to be rendered entirely in a path tracer, using the commercial Arnold renderer.
    • Walt Disney Animation Studios has been using its own optimized path tracer known as Hyperion ever since the production of Big Hero 6 in 2014.
    • Pixar Animation Studios has also adopted path tracing for its commercial RenderMan renderer.
  • More recently, CPUs and GPUs have become powerful enough to render images more quickly, causing more widespread interest in path tracing algorithms. Tim Purcell first presented a global illumination algorithm running on a GPU in 2002.[3] In February 2009, Austin Robison of Nvidia demonstrated the first commercial implementation of a path tracer running on a GPU [4], and other implementations have followed, such as that of Vladimir Koylazov in August 2009.[5] This was aided by the maturing of GPGPU programming toolkits such as CUDA and OpenCL and GPU ray tracing SDKs such as OptiX.Path tracingLinks to an external site.More recently, CPUs and GPUs have become powerful enough to render images more quickly, causing more widespread interest in path tracing algorithms.
    • Tim Purcell first presented a global illumination algorithm running on a GPU in 2002.
    • In February 2009, Austin Robison of Nvidia demonstrated the first commercial implementation of a path tracer running on a GPU
      • This was aided by the maturing of GPGPU programming toolkits such as CUDA and OpenCL and GPU ray tracing SDKs such as OptiX.
  • Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Path_tracing

• Polygonal modeling
  • The basic object used in mesh modeling is a vertex, a point in three-dimensional space.
  • Two vertices connected by a straight line become an edge.
  • Three vertices, connected to each other by three edges, define a triangle, which is the simplest polygon in Euclidean space.
  • Four vertices, connected to each other create a quadrilateral(quad), which represents good geometry in 3D modeling.
    
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  • vertex
    • A position (usually in 3D space) along with other information such as color, normal vector and texture coordinates.
  • edge
    • A connection between two vertices.
  • face
    • A closed set of edges, in which a triangle face has three edges, and a quad face has four edges.

Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polygonal_modeling

Vocabulary